{"id":30409,"date":"2025-06-13T19:58:05","date_gmt":"2025-06-13T19:58:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/?p=30409"},"modified":"2025-11-25T12:39:45","modified_gmt":"2025-11-25T12:39:45","slug":"sustainable-excellence-kingsbarns-golf-links","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/en\/sustainable-excellence-kingsbarns-golf-links\/","title":{"rendered":"Kingsbarns Golf Links: Sustainability under extreme stress"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"ai-optimize-6\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-klozy9b5-c8406fb049ecb8918ec837c29d16e6a5\">\n.avia-image-container.av-klozy9b5-c8406fb049ecb8918ec837c29d16e6a5 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-klozy9b5-c8406fb049ecb8918ec837c29d16e6a5 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-klozy9b5-c8406fb049ecb8918ec837c29d16e6a5 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-30414 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-30414 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_1832422-scaled.jpg\" alt='Kingsbarns Golf Links Par 3' title='Kingsbarns Golf Links Par 3'  height=\"924\" width=\"1232\" srcset=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_1832422-scaled.jpg 1232w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_1832422-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_1832422-1030x773.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_1832422-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_1832422-705x529.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1232px) 100vw, 1232px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-7\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2jbyed-612e3f089c81f39c5d3727910b7b0c2e\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-2jbyed-612e3f089c81f39c5d3727910b7b0c2e{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-2jbyed-612e3f089c81f39c5d3727910b7b0c2e .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-2jbyed-612e3f089c81f39c5d3727910b7b0c2e .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-2jbyed-612e3f089c81f39c5d3727910b7b0c2e av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  >Sustainable Excellence at Kingsbarns Golf Links <\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-8\"><section  class='av_textblock_section av-krv1ul-605429d78254106c872e500cf4ba558e '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p>\u201cWe never thought about sustainability, but when the topic came up, we realised: We already are.\u201d While agronomist <strong>Paul Miller<\/strong> thinks aloud about sustainability at Kingsbarns Golf Links, <strong>Innes Knight<\/strong>, Course and Facility Manager, stands in his office and points to an old photo on the wall from the course&#8217;s construction, which opened for the British Open in 2000. Tractors created a natural dune landscape on the 89-hectare site, which was primarily pastureland.\u00a0<span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\">The approach of Kingsbarns founder\u00a0<strong>Mark Parsinen<\/strong>, as explained by Knight and Miller, has always been to first model as naturally a landscape as possible and then to find the right golf holes within it. Course designer Kyle Phillips agreed with his approach and the result was stunning. <\/span>\u00a0Over the past 25 years, Kingsbarns has established a reputation as a first-class modern links course that resembles an old Scottish classic.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-26\">The conversion of the pasture landscape has made it more attractive for a greater variety of plants and animals. Hedgerow structures and classic woodland can be found alongside wide rough areas with lean Festuca grasses. If you&#8217;re lucky, you might spot an otter by the small stream that meanders through some of the holes. The course has a tranquil feel, although every day, for nine months, from first light to sunset, one foursome flight after another passes over the course.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-9\">\n<\/div><\/section><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-10\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mbv7ocrh-c184aa5a67c5f4de7cb96c693e25274e\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mbv7ocrh-c184aa5a67c5f4de7cb96c693e25274e img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mbv7ocrh-c184aa5a67c5f4de7cb96c693e25274e .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mbv7ocrh-c184aa5a67c5f4de7cb96c693e25274e av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '  ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-30417 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-30417 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085000-1030x773.jpg\" alt='Portrait Innes Knight' title='Innes Knight'  height=\"773\" width=\"1030\" srcset=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085000-1030x773.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085000-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085000-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085000-scaled.jpg 1232w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085000-705x529.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-11\"><section  class='av_textblock_section av-mbv7qgf3-2d8fff749e88317ccfdbd110bcfa5e19 '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p class=\"ai-optimize-6\"><strong>Top quality despite 30,000 rounds<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-7\">The number of rounds in nine months is upwards of 20.000, the green fee has reached 448 pounds in the high season and business is booming. Kingsbarns Golf Links, GEO certified, is a privately owned commercial course. The real challenge when it comes to sustainability is combining this with extremely high levels of stress. With well over 200 rounds a day, how does a golf course manage to produce top-quality golf with minimal use of chemicals and pesticides to justify the high green fee?<\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-8\">A classic management task that Innes Knight tackles in three ways: smart deployment of sufficient staff, first-class equipment in the machinery, and annual investment in improvements during winter. The latter includes the solar system on the machine building, which has been generating 20,000 kilowatt-hours per year since 2024 and has now increased the self-sufficiency rate for electricity. The carts are electric anyway, and new machines are increasingly being purchased in the electric version. The current owner, Art Dunkley, supports the scheme of constant innovation, because this is the only way to establish top quality over the decades.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-12\">\n<\/div><\/section><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-13\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ihvufc-0a4e9a1dbb1c2e8856f86db8da657156\">\n.avia-image-container.av-ihvufc-0a4e9a1dbb1c2e8856f86db8da657156 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-ihvufc-0a4e9a1dbb1c2e8856f86db8da657156 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-ihvufc-0a4e9a1dbb1c2e8856f86db8da657156 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '  ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-30411 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-30411 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Kingsbarns1-1500x430.jpg\" alt='Kingsbarns Golf Links' title='Kingsbarns Golf Links'  height=\"430\" width=\"1500\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-14\"><section  class='av_textblock_section av-mbv7s2p2-89886284503212cfb0db21e461027f39 '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p><strong>Economical use of water<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-32\">The critical issue of water, which is at the forefront of the sustainability debate in golf, has now also caught up with Scotland. More than 30 days without rain in spring 2025 led to brown fairways early in the year, which otherwise make up the typical summer look. How much brown can the customer tolerate when paying a top green fee? How much irrigation is justifiable when you know that groundwater is an important resource?<\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-33\">With the concentration on the greens and a few other playing areas, the high proportion of fescue grasses and irrigation monitoring at a technically high level, the annual consumption for the course corresponds to half of what some US courses use for one fairway per year. On Scottish links courses, the consumption of resources is traditionally low and the demands on the color design of the courses are completely different. A landscape in shades of brown and light green is far more suitable here than lush dark green.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-15\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mbv7yc7m-577f9d48812b03673dc153d924928177\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mbv7yc7m-577f9d48812b03673dc153d924928177 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mbv7yc7m-577f9d48812b03673dc153d924928177 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mbv7yc7m-577f9d48812b03673dc153d924928177 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '  ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-30420 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-30420 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085847-1030x773.jpg\" alt='Polytunnel with vegetables' title='Kingsbarns Golf Links Polytunnel'  height=\"773\" width=\"1030\" srcset=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085847-1030x773.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085847-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085847-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085847-scaled.jpg 1232w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250523_085847-705x529.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-16\"><section  class='av_textblock_section av-mbv802l5-2a430909e2f763c52604942e74f92e0a '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p class=\"ai-optimize-64\">If you watch the course being prepared for the arriving guests at five o&#8217;clock in the morning, you will notice the two groups of four systematically making their way across the fairways. Innes Knight calls his pensioners divotologists with a smile. For four hours a day, the eight men are busy sanding and reseeding the divots from the previous day. \u201cBetter than ironing at home,\u201d one of them says with a laugh. The labour-intensive divot maintenance is one of the most essential basics for keeping the quality of the fairways high on such a busy course without using a lot of fertiliser and water.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-36\"><strong>Polytunnel with own vegetables<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-65\">Sustainability projects are often not recognisable to the golfer. This also applies to the polytunnel behind the machinery building in Kingsbarns, where herbs, tomatoes and vegetables of all kinds are neatly lined up in rows. <strong>Hugh Barnier<\/strong>, another member of the greenkeeping team, has been working here for years to grow the vegetable supplies for the club&#8217;s catering. No, he never really planned this job. \u201cBut Innes said at some point that I should give it a try.\u201d Since then, he has discovered his passion for kitchen gardening.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-66\">At half past nine in the evening, the very last flights are just coming into the clubhouse, lettuce leaves and tomatoes land on one of the burgers ordered by a group of Americans to round off a successful day. No, they don&#8217;t know anything about the polytunnel, the solar system, the dune protection on hole 12 or the attempt to reduce plastic consumption on the course. What counts for the customer on one of the top 100 courses in the world is first and foremost a high-quality golf experience. If this can be achieved sustainably, then the goal has been reached.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-41\">\n<\/div><\/section><\/p>\n<p class=\"ai-optimize-17\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8\">\n@keyframes av_boxShadowEffect_av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8-column {\n0%   { box-shadow:  0 0 0 0 #ededed; opacity: 1; }\n100% { box-shadow:  0 0 10px 0 #ededed; opacity: 1; }\n}\n#top .flex_column.av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8{\nmargin-top:35px;\nmargin-bottom:35px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8{\nposition:relative;\nleft:1%;\nbox-shadow: 0 0 10px 0 #ededed;\nborder-width:2px;\nborder-color:#e1e1e1;\nborder-style:solid;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:30px 30px 15px 30px;\n}\n.avia_transform .flex_column.av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8{\nanimation-duration:5s;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all 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the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kingsbarns Golf Links: Sustainability under extreme stress - Golf Sustainable<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kingsbarns Golf Links is considered one of the best modern links courses in the world. 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