{"id":28722,"date":"2025-01-09T07:20:25","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T07:20:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/?p=28722"},"modified":"2026-01-07T08:38:04","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T08:38:04","slug":"coastal-erosion-threatens-golf-courses-and-dunes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/en\/coastal-erosion-threatens-golf-courses-and-dunes\/","title":{"rendered":"St. Andrews to Sylt: Coastal erosion threatens golf courses and dunes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-klozy9b5-854acce3258f6a83a570b34049d091cc\">\n.avia-image-container.av-klozy9b5-854acce3258f6a83a570b34049d091cc img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-klozy9b5-854acce3258f6a83a570b34049d091cc .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-klozy9b5-854acce3258f6a83a570b34049d091cc av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first '  ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-28726 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-28726 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Design-ohne-Titel-32.jpg\" alt='Collage of images from St. Andrews West Sands Bank' title='St. Andrews West Sands'  height=\"924\" width=\"1643\" srcset=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Design-ohne-Titel-32.jpg 1643w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Design-ohne-Titel-32-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Design-ohne-Titel-32-1030x579.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Design-ohne-Titel-32-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Design-ohne-Titel-32-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Design-ohne-Titel-32-1500x844.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Design-ohne-Titel-32-705x397.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1643px) 100vw, 1643px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2jbyed-f821fb4a75443a8087ac11e05a30ba0b\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-2jbyed-f821fb4a75443a8087ac11e05a30ba0b{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-2jbyed-f821fb4a75443a8087ac11e05a30ba0b .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-2jbyed-f821fb4a75443a8087ac11e05a30ba0b .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-2jbyed-f821fb4a75443a8087ac11e05a30ba0b av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  >From St. Andrews to Sylt: You can\u2019t fight nature<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-krv1ul-605429d78254106c872e500cf4ba558e '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p>No golf course is built to last forever. Especially not if it is located on the coast. An experience that more and more golf courses are making. Coastal erosion is an issue that affects areas of land in the USA and Germany just as much as in the Netherlands or England. For golf courses this means that holes have to be relocated and reinforcement options developed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>From St. Andrews to Dornoch<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When<strong> Ranald Strachan <\/strong>talks about &#8220;our first line of defence&#8221;, he means the chain of dunes on the <strong>West Sands beach at St. Andrews<\/strong>. Behind it is a short stretch of grassland where a few sheep graze, but then comes the Jubilee Course. Anyone who asks Strachan whether it will still be there in 100 years&#8217; time in view of climate change and rising sea levels will hear. &#8220;You never know, it could be that the first dune line falls, in which case the Jubilee Course would be affected. But then we still have the second line of dunes.&#8221; Behind that is the Old Course.&#8221; The Links Trust in St. Andrews, as the owner of the golf courses, is not the only golf course operator for whom the issue of erosion has been a known quantity for years. World-famous Scottish links courses such as Brora, Montrose, Royal Dornoch and North Berwick are just as affected as English courses. The coastline was crumbling away in front of Donald Trump&#8217;s Doonbeg golf course in Ireland; at Royal Portrush, work began in early 2024 to secure the coastline.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m0avjc7c-b7386f430d6acfc86567f57b14c16d07\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m0avjc7c-b7386f430d6acfc86567f57b14c16d07 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m0avjc7c-b7386f430d6acfc86567f57b14c16d07 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m0avjc7c-b7386f430d6acfc86567f57b14c16d07 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  av-has-copyright av-copyright-always'  ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-28732 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-28732 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Screenshot-210-1467x430.jpg\" alt='Royal North Devon Golf Club' title='Royal North Devon Golf Club'  height=\"430\" width=\"1467\"  \/><\/div><small class=\"avia-copyright\">Parts of the sea side at Royal North Devon Golf Club had to be given up<\/small><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lzx3y03h-4233c8c75a427626deee034022d0e48e '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p>At the <strong>Royal North Devon Golf &amp; Country Club<\/strong> in England, club manager <strong>Mark Evans<\/strong> has long since taken a relatively calm view of the situation: &#8220;I would say it was a very frustrating issue at first, but we&#8217;ve got used to it.&#8221; The oldest golf club in England and Wales, founded in 1864, has already built two new holes and is now focusing on holes 6 and 7. &#8220;It started around 1970, when the eighth green was always flooded.&#8221; Another part of the coastal course is repeatedly covered in salt water, threatened by wind erosion or heavy storms with meter-high waves attacking the terrain. &#8220;I think our time here is limited, but we can probably extend this period by moving more holes inwards. In that case, we probably have 100 years rather than 30.&#8221; Anyone who automatically uses the word &#8220;climate change&#8221; to point to the cause of coastal erosion is falling short. &#8220;You have to look at each location and golf course individually,&#8221; says <strong>geomorphologist Alastair Dawson, honorary professor at the University of Dundee<\/strong>, who has studied golf courses and their land loss for over 20 years. He says that blaming rising sea levels for the losses is nonsensical at the moment. &#8220;The few millimetres don&#8217;t matter so far.&#8221; In 70 or 80 years, the situation could be different if the sea level rises higher and faster. Now, however, coastal erosion is a problem caused by a wide variety of factors. On the coast of England, for example, where many cliffs are crumbling, the terrain is often an unstable mixture of clay and sand from the glacial period, which does not hold in strong storms.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8\">\n@keyframes av_boxShadowEffect_av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8-column {\n0%   { box-shadow:  0 0 0 0 #ededed; opacity: 1; }\n100% { box-shadow:  0 0 10px 0 #ededed; opacity: 1; }\n}\n#top .flex_column.av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8{\nmargin-top:35px;\nmargin-bottom:35px;\n}\n.flex_column.av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8{\nposition:relative;\nleft:1%;\nbox-shadow: 0 0 10px 0 #ededed;\nborder-width:2px;\nborder-color:#e1e1e1;\nborder-style:solid;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:30px 30px 15px 30px;\n}\n.avia_transform .flex_column.av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8{\nanimation-duration:5s;\n}\n.responsive #top #wrap_all .flex_column.av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8{\nmargin-top:35px;\nmargin-bottom:35px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-av_four_fifth-e8bcfb0dd38e4ffbb23d71c76efe0ae8 av_four_fifth  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  first av-break-at-tablet flex_column_div av-animated-generic fade-in-down av-custom-positioned shadow-not-animated avia-full-contain  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825{\npadding-bottom:0;\ncolor:#4fa1ca;\nfont-size:24px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:24px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#ffffff;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:13px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-wrap:before{\nborder-color:#ffffff;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-wrap:after{\nborder-color:#ffffff;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-av_heading-8fccdafe44dd5917fcd9b6feb39e8825 av-special-heading-h4 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-6  el_before_av_mailchimp  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><div class='av_custom_color av-subheading av-subheading_above'><p>Subscribe to our newsletter!<\/p>\n<\/div><h4 class='av-special-heading-tag '  >News <span class='special_amp'>&amp;<\/span> trends about sustainability in golf<\/h4><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<form action=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/en\/coastal-erosion-threatens-golf-courses-and-dunes\/\" method=\"post\"  data-av-custom-send='mailchimp_send'data-fields-with-error=\"Found errors in the following field(s):\" class=\"avia_ajax_form av-form-labels-hidden   avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_heading  avia-builder-el-last   avia-mailchimp-form \" data-avia-form-id=\"1\" data-avia-redirect='' ><fieldset><p class='  first_form  form_element form_fullwidth' id='element_avia_0_1'><label for=\"avia_0_1\">E-Mail: <abbr class=\"required\" title=\"required\">*<\/abbr><\/label> <input name=\"avia_0_1\" class=\"text_input is_email\" type=\"text\" id=\"avia_0_1\" value=\"\"  placeholder='E-Mail:*'\/><\/p><p class='  first_form  form_element form_element_half' id='element_avia_1_1'><label for=\"avia_1_1\">First Name:<\/label> <input name=\"avia_1_1\" class=\"text_input \" type=\"text\" id=\"avia_1_1\" value=\"\"  placeholder='First Name:'\/><\/p><p class='  form_element form_element_half' id='element_avia_2_1'><label for=\"avia_2_1\">Last Name:<\/label> <input name=\"avia_2_1\" class=\"text_input \" type=\"text\" id=\"avia_2_1\" value=\"\"  placeholder='Last Name:'\/><\/p><p class=\"form_element  first_form  form_element form_fullwidth av-last-visible-form-element modified_width\"><input type=\"hidden\" value=\"1\" name=\"avia_generated_form1\" \/><input type=\"submit\" value=\"Subscribe\" class=\"button\"  data-sending-label=\"Sending\"\/><\/p><p class=\"hidden\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"avia_avia_username_1\" class=\"hidden \" id=\"avia_avia_username_1\" value=\"\" \/><\/p><\/fieldset><\/form><div id=\"ajaxresponse_1\" class=\"ajaxresponse ajaxresponse_1 hidden\"><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m5ozr1zy-89b3f92b399879a074a484fbca0f6a56 '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p>Storms are the real problem, which is also being exacerbated by climate change. As the <strong>IPCC<\/strong> stated in its <strong>sixth assessment report<\/strong> entitled <strong>Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis<\/strong>, an increase in extreme weather events, including storms, in Europe is a fact. These are not only more frequent, but also more severe. The consequences for coastlines are clear: when Storm <strong>Babet<\/strong> swept across the coast of Scotland in October 2023, the West Sands Strand section lost around one meter in vertical height across the entire beach. There was also significant damage along the dune frontage, with all dune paths affected, resulting in significant break-offs as they transitioned from the dunes to the beach. &#8220;If we hadn&#8217;t closed the dune area to beach visitors for years and planted marram grass to protect the dunes, the loss could have been even greater,&#8221; concludes Ranald Strachan.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m0avgdqr-ffe803ab0474896721e60f269d68c3fc\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m0avgdqr-ffe803ab0474896721e60f269d68c3fc img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m0avgdqr-ffe803ab0474896721e60f269d68c3fc .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m0avgdqr-ffe803ab0474896721e60f269d68c3fc av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_image  av-has-copyright av-copyright-always'  ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-28734 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-28734 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_161721-300x225.jpg\" alt='West Sands Beach St. Andrews Erosion' title='West Sands Beach St. Andrews Erosion'  height=\"225\" width=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_161721-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_161721-1030x773.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_161721-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_161721-scaled.jpg 1232w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_161721-705x529.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div><small class=\"avia-copyright\">West Sands Beach lost terrain because of storm Babet<\/small><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5o76yze-cd46992adbda73ec1d72bb44b6fc4ece\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m5o76yze-cd46992adbda73ec1d72bb44b6fc4ece img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m5o76yze-cd46992adbda73ec1d72bb44b6fc4ece .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m5o76yze-cd46992adbda73ec1d72bb44b6fc4ece av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_textblock  av-has-copyright av-copyright-always'  ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-28736 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-28736 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_155414-300x225.jpg\" alt='Artificial coastal protection St. Andrews' title='Artificial coastal protection St. Andrews'  height=\"225\" width=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_155414-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_155414-1030x773.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_155414-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_155414-scaled.jpg 1232w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_155414-705x529.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div><small class=\"avia-copyright\">Artificial coastal protection behind the Old and New Course<\/small><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m0avpfx5-18d0d759370b8e475b210af4a7bb4d00 '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p>In the case of the <strong>North Sea island of Sylt in Germany<\/strong>, this happens eight kilometers off the island at a depth of 15 meters, where there are enormous sand deposits. <strong>Dr. Theide W\u00f6ffler, a coastal morphologist<\/strong>, is the expert who assesses the erosion issue for the state of Schleswig-Holstein. &#8220;In the past, we can say that we were able to stop the decline on the west coast of Sylt. We started adding sand every year in 1984. If we look at the survey data from before 1984, we had an average annual decline on the west coast of one to four meters. We have been able to stop this completely since 1984 with the sand replenishment. The island ends on Sylt, H\u00f6rnum Odde and List, are a small exception.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Growing effort for coastal protection off Sylt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>However, climate change is also making itself felt off Sylt. The stronger storms are leading to more significant erosion. &#8220;In the past, we have always washed up an average of 1,000,000 cubic meters per year, and next year, we will start washing up 1.2 million cubic meters per sand,&#8221; explains W\u00f6ffler. At the end of the day, he points out the ever-increasing costs of the process, society will have to ask itself at some point in the future whether the effort to protect the island and the islands and land behind it is justified. Sylt&#8217;s golf courses are not currently affected by coastal erosion, as <strong>Budersand<\/strong> is the only course on the open sea side. This is located in the area of H\u00f6rnum Odde, behind the Budersand dune, which is definitely affected by erosion, but not to the extent that endangers the golf course.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m0avalb8-513c60af4138e3b986972499fd403a4d\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m0avalb8-513c60af4138e3b986972499fd403a4d img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m0avalb8-513c60af4138e3b986972499fd403a4d .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m0avalb8-513c60af4138e3b986972499fd403a4d av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  av-has-copyright av-copyright-always'  ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-28730 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-28730 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20241007_121213-300x225.jpg\" alt='Concrete bouldering on Sylt' title='Coastal erosion on Sylt'  height=\"225\" width=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20241007_121213-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20241007_121213-1030x773.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20241007_121213-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20241007_121213-scaled.jpg 1232w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20241007_121213-705x529.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div><small class=\"avia-copyright\">Sylt doesn&#039;t use tetrapods anymore<\/small><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m0avrbjw-aa2e857e9dcbb637d39f0a3553d88b34 '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p>German coastal experts have long since said goodbye to concrete tetrapods, which used to be used to stop erosion. Technical means of which Alastair Dawson has also seen many in Scotland. His opinion on this is relatively clear. &#8220;The more I&#8217;ve travelled along the coast of Scotland, the more artificial structures to protect the coasts have shown me that they don&#8217;t work.&#8221; The reason: the surf then looks for the nearest point of attack behind the fortification and causes erosion there. &#8220;There are a whole series of examples of golf courses where people have actually caused the destruction themselves because they have inadvertently used technical options that don&#8217;t work.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nature-based coastal protection as a solution<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>At this point, the topic of dune protection becomes almost philosophical. The world of experts does not agree one hundred per cent on how best to counter the risk of erosion. While some scientists are in favour of leaving the dune systems to their own devices, many other geomorphologists rely on so-called nature-based coastal protection, where beach grass or other plantings are used to fortify coasts. On the other hand, engineers point to technical options for fortification, which usually involve high levels of investment. At the Royal North Devon Golf Club, the idea of artificial coastal protection has long since been abandoned given the high cost of 88 necessary fortification blocks.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m5o79sw7-e387e827f4b9a3d5e62dce54b883bc94\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m5o79sw7-e387e827f4b9a3d5e62dce54b883bc94 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m5o79sw7-e387e827f4b9a3d5e62dce54b883bc94 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m5o79sw7-e387e827f4b9a3d5e62dce54b883bc94 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  av-has-copyright av-copyright-always'  ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-28738 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-28738 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_154900-300x225.jpg\" alt='Marram grass on the coast of St. Andrews' title='Marram grass on the coast of St. Andrews'  height=\"225\" width=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_154900-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_154900-1030x773.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_154900-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_154900-scaled.jpg 1232w, https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20240816_154900-705x529.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div><small class=\"avia-copyright\">Nature-based coastal protection<\/small><\/div><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-thkhrl-3e84351d0a11bbef244765fe9eb7d1b5 '  ><div class='avia_textblock' ><p>In St. Andrews, as at the Royal Dornoch Golf Club further north, the focus is also on natural measures to revitalize dunes and reclaim coastal areas. The successes are small but constant. Golfers and tourists standing on the first tee of the Old Course at St. Andrews are unaware of the constant battle for the coast, which could pose an existential threat to parts of the Old Course and its neighbouring courses in the long term. At Royal North Devon, signs do not need to inform you about the issue. A glance at the eroded old coastal courses, now lying abandoned near the beach, speaks volumes. Golfers have long since become accustomed to the new golf courses. &#8220;We take our members on this journey with us, keeping them informed all the time,&#8221; sums up club manager Evans. The golfers in North Devon have long shared his opinion: &#8220;You can&#8217;t fight nature.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='av-social-sharing-box av-2mu5xc-11208692fc8ebc2c943b1f28c21f170f av-social-sharing-box-default  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  av-social-sharing-box-fullwidth'><div class=\"av-share-box\"><h5 class='av-share-link-description av-no-toc '>share entry<\/h5><ul class=\"av-share-box-list noLightbox\"><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-facebook avia_social_iconfont' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Facebook\" href='https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/en\/coastal-erosion-threatens-golf-courses-and-dunes\/&#038;t=St.%20Andrews%20to%20Sylt%3A%20Coastal%20erosion%20threatens%20golf%20courses%20and%20dunes' data-av_icon='\ue8f3' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'  title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Facebook'><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-twitter avia_social_iconfont' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on X\" href='https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=St.%20Andrews%20to%20Sylt%3A%20Coastal%20erosion%20threatens%20golf%20courses%20and%20dunes&#038;url=https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/en\/?p=28722' data-av_icon='\ue932' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'  title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on X'><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on X<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-whatsapp avia_social_iconfont' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on WhatsApp\" href='https:\/\/api.whatsapp.com\/send?text=https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/en\/coastal-erosion-threatens-golf-courses-and-dunes\/' data-av_icon='\uf232' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'  title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on WhatsApp'><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on WhatsApp<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-pinterest avia_social_iconfont' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on Pinterest\" href='https:\/\/pinterest.com\/pin\/create\/button\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgolfsustainable.com%2Fen%2Fcoastal-erosion-threatens-golf-courses-and-dunes%2F&#038;description=St.%20Andrews%20to%20Sylt%3A%20Coastal%20erosion%20threatens%20golf%20courses%20and%20dunes&#038;media=https%3A%2F%2Fgolfsustainable.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2025%2F01%2FDesign-ohne-Titel-32-705x397.jpg' data-av_icon='\ue8f8' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'  title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on Pinterest'><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on Pinterest<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-linkedin avia_social_iconfont' ><a target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Share on LinkedIn\" href='https:\/\/linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&#038;title=St.%20Andrews%20to%20Sylt%3A%20Coastal%20erosion%20threatens%20golf%20courses%20and%20dunes&#038;url=https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/en\/coastal-erosion-threatens-golf-courses-and-dunes\/' data-av_icon='\ue8fc' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'  title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share on LinkedIn'><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share on LinkedIn<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class='av-share-link av-social-link-mail avia_social_iconfont' ><a  aria-label=\"Share by Mail\" href='mailto:?subject=St.%20Andrews%20to%20Sylt%3A%20Coastal%20erosion%20threatens%20golf%20courses%20and%20dunes&#038;body=https:\/\/golfsustainable.com\/en\/coastal-erosion-threatens-golf-courses-and-dunes\/' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'  title='' data-avia-related-tooltip='Share by Mail'><span class='avia_hidden_link_text'>Share by Mail<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":28726,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[763,775,755,803,2631],"tags":[2710,3139,3138,3137,2936,1243,2967,1239,1466],"class_list":["post-28722","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change","category-international-news","category-uncategorized","category-schleswig-holstein-en","category-special-extreme-weather","tag-coastal-erosion","tag-coastal-protection","tag-erosion-en","tag-golf-club-budersand-en","tag-links-trust-en","tag-old-course-en","tag-royal-dornoch-golf-club-en","tag-st-andrews-en","tag-sylt-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>St. Andrews to Sylt: Coastal erosion threatens golf courses and dunes - Golf Sustainable<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Coastal erosion is a problem for many golf courses around Europe. 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